Hubbard Glacier, the largest calving glacier on the North American Continent (25 percent larger than Rhode Island), advanced across the entrance to 35-mile-long Russell Fiord (fig.1) during June 2002, temporarily turning it into a lake. Hubbard Glacier has been advancing for more than 100 years and has twice closed the entrance to Russell Fiord during the last 16 years by squeezing and pushing submarine glacial sediments across the mouth of the fiord (fi gs. 2 and 3). Water fl owing into the cutoff fiord from mountain streams and glacier melt causes the level of Russell Lake to rise. However both the 1986 and 2002 dams failed (fig. 4) before the lake altitude rose enough for water to spill over a low pass at the far end of the fiord and enter the Situk River drainage, a world-class sport and commercial fishery near Yakutat, Alaska.

Trabant, D.C., March, R.S., and Thomas, D.S., 2003, Hubbard Glacier, Alaska: Growing and Advancing in Spite of Global Climate Change and the 1986 and 2002 Russell Lake Outburst Floods: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 001-03, 4 p.

         [Fact Sheet in html (348KB)]

[Fact Sheet in Acrobat PDF (4.4 MB)]

Adobe Acrobat's PDF (portable document file) format can be viewed using the free Adobe Acrobat Reader available for DOS, Windows, Macintosh, and UNIX. This link will allow you to get the free download and installation instructions from Adobe.

Maintainer: Rod March
Last update: Friday, November 17, 2006 04:45 PM
URL: http://ak.water.usgs.gov/glaciology/hubbard//reports/200301_fs001-03/index..htm